Vim li cas Kab Kab Sib Nraus thiab Aisle Dav Qhov Kev Pom Zoo ntawm Kev Tshawb Fawb Hluav Taws Xob?
Ib ntus grandstands yog characterized los ntawmCov neeg coob coob ceev, cov qauv ib ntus, thiab lub sijhawm khiav tawm nruj heev. Thaum muaj hluav taws kub, cov neeg coob coob raug ntaus, lossis lwm yam xwm txheej ceev, cov neeg saib ntawm lub tsev loj yuav tsum raug tshem tawm tag nrho mus rau thaj chaw nyab xeeb hauv feeb.Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev tiv thaiv hluav taws kev nyab xeeb yogsiab tshaj plaws kev khiav tawm. Cov kev ntsuas lub cev uas txiav txim siab qhov kev khiav tawm ceev yog:· Kab nrug:Ua kom ntseeg tau tias thaum cov neeg saib sawv ntsug kom khiav tawm, lawv ob txhais ceg thiab lub cev tsis txhob cuam tshuam los ntawm cov rooj zaum hauv pem hauv ntej.· Aisle Dav:Ua kom ntseeg tau tias cov neeg coob coob, ib zaug sib koom ua ke, tuaj yeem ntws tau yooj yim thiab tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam rau qhov kev tawm thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev.
Ua raws li cov qauv rau ib ntus Grandstand kab sib nrug
Kab sib nrug yog hais txog qhov kev ncua deb ntawm kab sib law liag ntawm cov rooj zaum. Nyob rau hauv ib ntus grandstands, qhov no feem ntau muab faib uakab - mus rau - kab tobthiabclear width (passageway).
1. Tswv yim-nce Rooj vs. Tsau Rooj
· Tswv yim-chaw zaum:Cov neeg saib xyuas kev nyab xeeb thoob ntiaj teb thiab hauv tsev feem ntau xav tau tias, nrog lub rooj zaum hauv txoj haujlwm tsa, lubmeej davlos ntawm sab nraum qab ntawm lub rooj zaum pem hauv ntej mus rau pem hauv ntej ntug ntawm lub rooj zaum nram qabyuav tsum tsis pub tsawg tshaj 300 mm(qee qhov siab - qhov chaw ceev yuav tsum tau 350 mm).· Lub rooj zaum zaum tas / thoob (Tsis yog-folding):Vim lub rooj zaum lub lauj kaub tsis tuaj yeem folded, qhov tseeb qhov deb ntawm ob kabyuav tsum tau khaws cia ntawm 400 mm lossis ntau dua.2. Kev txwv tshwj xeeb ntawm Kev Tuag- kawg kab
Yog hais tias ib kab ntawm lub rooj sib txuas mus rau ib qho chaw ntawm ib sab (lub ntsiab lus cov neeg saib tsuas tuaj yeem khiav tawm hauv ib qho kev taw qhia), nws raug cais raws li "tuag- kab kawg."Cov cai tswj kev nyab xeeb hluav taws yog nruj heev txog kev tuag- xaus:tus naj npawb ntawm cov rooj zaum hauv ib qho tuag- kab kawg feem ntau tsis tuaj yeem tshaj 7 txog 10. Yog tias tus naj npawb ntawm cov rooj zaum nce, qhov dav dav ntawm kab sib nrug yuav tsum tau nce proportionally (piv txwv li, ntxiv 15-20 mm ntawm qhov dav dav rau txhua lub rooj zaum ntxiv); txwv tsis pub, tub ceev xwm tua hluav taws yuav tsis tso cai.
Kev suav cov qauv rau Grandstand Aisle Dav
Aisles (nrog rau txoj kab ntsug / ntaiv thiab kab rov tav hla-aisles) yog "cov hlab ntsha loj" ntawm cov tsev loj nyob ib ntus. Lawv qhov dav tsis txiav txim siab arbitrarily; nws yog xam raws li qhovgrandstand muaj peev xwm.
1. Yam tsawg kawg hauv paus dav
Txawm hais tias koj qhov chaw nyob ib ntus me me npaum li cas, qhov dav aisle yuav tsum ua kom tau raws li qhov kev nyab xeeb yam tsawg kawg nkaus:Vertical Aisles (Stairs):Qhov dav davyuav tsum tsis pub tsawg tshaj 1,100 mm(qee qhov me me, qis-nce grandstands tuaj yeem tso cai tsawg kawg ntawm 900 mm nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb, tab sis 1,100 mm yog qhov muaj kev nyab xeeb rau kev ntseeg siab dhau los soj ntsuam).Kab rov tav Main Evacuation Aisles:Cov no tuav cov pawg neeg sib koom ua ke los ntawm ntau txoj kab ntsug, thiab lawv qhov dav davyuav tsum tsis pub tsawg tshaj 1,200 mm txog 1,500 mm.2. Dynamic Calculation: Width vs. Capacity (Evacuation Simulation)
Hauv kev tshuaj xyuas cov tswv yim, qhov ntsuas ceev ceev feem ntau siv yog:Qhov tsawg kawg nkaus aisle dav ntawm 0.6 txog 0.8 meters yog xav tau rau txhua 100 tus neeg.| Grandstand Peev xwm | Pom Zoo Tag Nrho Dav ntawm Vertical Aisles (Stairs) | Pom zoo dav ntawm Kab rov tav Main Aisles |
| Tsawg dua 200 tus neeg | 1,100 hli | 1,200 hli |
| 200-500 tus neeg | 1,200-1,500 hli | 1,500 mm |
| 500-1,000 tus neeg | Yuav tsum muaj ntau txoj kab ke; ib aisle $\\ge$1,500 mm | 1,800 mm los yog dual aisles |
Plaub lub tswv yim ua kom dhau qhov kev soj ntsuam kev nyab xeeb hluav taws ntawm thawj qhov kev sim
Txhawm rau kom ntseeg tau tias qhov chaw nyob ib ntus dhau los kuaj xyuas tam sim ntawd thaum cov tub ceev xwm kev nyab xeeb tuaj txog ntawm -qhov chaw, cov koom haum thiab cov neeg cog lus yuav tsum npaj cov hauv qab no ua ntej:Muab ntawv pov thawj "Grandstand Structure & Fire Evacuation Layout Plans"Tsis txhob tos rau ntawm - kev tshuaj xyuas qhov chaw los piav qhia qhov teeb tsa rau tus neeg soj ntsuam. Npaj CAD kos duab ua ntej uas qhia meej meej qhov sib nrug ntawm kab, kab dav dav, qhov chaw tawm thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev, thiab cov kev khiav tawm, nyiam dua los ntawm tus kws tsim qauv sau npe lossis lub koom haum tsim qauv tsim nyog.nruj me ntsis txwv tus naj npawb ntawm cov rooj zaum tas mus li ib ntuRau kab nrog dual- kev khiav tawm kev taw qhia (aisles ntawm ob sab), tus naj npawb ntawm cov rooj zaum tas mus li hauv ib kabyuav tsum tsis txhob ntau tshaj 20 mus rau 24. Tshaj tus lej no, txawm tias kab sib nrug dav txaus, yuav ua rau cov neeg soj ntsuam xyuas nws tias yog "kev khiav tawm mus deb heev."Kev sib koom tes ntawm Guardrails thiab AislesCov Guardrails yuav tsum tau nruab ib ncig ntawm thaj tsam ntawm ib ntus grandstands thiab nyob rau ob sab ntawm txoj kab ntsug (yog tias siab). Qhov siab xav tau rau guardrails feem ntau yogtsis tsawg tshaj li 1,050 mm, thiab lub hauv paus ntawm cov guardrails yuav tsum tsis txhob cuam tshuam rau ntawm "ntshiab dav" tsim rau aisles.Ceeb toom thiab teeb pom kev kub ceevAisle cov kauj ruam yuav tsum tau nruab nroganti-slip stripsthiabphotoluminescent ceeb toom kab. Rau cov xwm txheej hmo ntuj, ib ntusteeb pom kev kub ntxhov thiab kev khiav tawmyuav tsum tau ntsia rau ntawm ob sab ntawm lub aisles. Thaum lub sij hawm ntawm - kev tshuaj xyuas qhov chaw, cov tub ceev xwm feem ntau yuav txiav lub zog tseem ceeb los ntsuas qhov ci thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub teeb pom kev kub ntxhov.
Nyob rau hauv ib ntus kev tsim kho grandstand,"kev nyab xeeb nrug" sib npaug ntawm "kab liab raug cai."Reserving raws li kab sib nrug thiab aisle widths ua ntej yuav txi cov nyiaj tau los ntawm daim pib ntawm ob peb lub rooj zaum, tab sis nws lav tias tag nrho cov kev tshwm sim tuaj yeem ua tau zoo thiab raug cai.Thaum lub sij hawm npaj ua ntej ntawm ib qhov project, nws raug pom zoo kom caw cov kws tshaj lij kev lag luam ib ntus kev tsim khoom lag luam kom xa cov qauv tsim kho raws li cov cai hauv zos thiab cov kev cai tua hluav taws. Tsis txhob ua qhov muag tsis pom kev luam tawm tsis yog- cov qauv hauv online tshaj lij los xyuas kom meej tias koj qhov kev tshwm sim ua haujlwm zoo thiab ua tiav.
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